Alfred F. Newton
September,
2005
Publications (Refereed)
Newton, A. F., Jr. & S. B. Peck. 1975.
Baited pitfall traps for beetles.
Coleopterists Bulletin 29: 45-46.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1975. The systematic
position of Glypholoma Jeannel, with a new synonymy
(Coleoptera:
Silphidae, Staphylinidae). Psyche 82:
53-58.
Thayer, M. K. & A. F.
Newton, Jr. 1979.
Revision of the south temperate genus Glypholoma
Jeannel, with four new species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae). Psyche 85: 25-63 (1978).
Lawrence, J. F., & A.
F. Newton, Jr. 1980.
Coleoptera associated with the fruiting
bodies of slime molds (Myxomycetes).
Coleopterists Bulletin 34: 129-143.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1982a. New name for the
extinct genus Mesagyrtes Ponomarenko (Coleoptera:
Silphidae s.l.). Psyche 88: 335
(1981).
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1982b. Redefinition,
revised phylogeny and relationships of Pseudopsinae (Coleoptera:
Staphylinidae). American Museum
Novitates 2743: 1-13.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1982c. A new genus and
species of Oxytelinae from Australia, with a description of its larva,
systematic position, and phylogenetic relationships (Coleoptera:
Staphylinidae). American Museum
Novitates 2744: 1-24.
Lawrence, J. F., & A.
F. Newton, Jr. 1982.
Evolution and classification of beetles. Annual
Review of Ecology and Systematics 13:
261-290.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1983a. Agathidiodes
Portevin, new synonym of Stetholiodes Fall (Coleoptera:
Leiodidae:
Anisotomini). Psyche 89: 337-338.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1983b. New generic
synonymies, new combinations, and distributional comments on Leiodini
(Coleoptera: Leiodidae). Coleopterists
Bulletin 37: 173-176.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1983c. Typhlobledius
Lea transferred to Osoriini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Oxytelinae,
Osoriinae). Coleopterists Bulletin 37:
176.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1984. Mycophagy in
Staphylinoidea (Coleoptera). Pages
302-353 in: Q. Wheeler and M. Blackwell
(editors), Fungus/Insect Relationships.
Perspectives in Ecology and Evolution.
Columbia University Press, New York.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1985. South temperate
Staphylinoidea (Coleoptera): their potential for biogeographic analysis
of
austral disjunctions. Pages 180-220 in: G. E. Ball (editor), Taxonomy, phylogeny,
and zoogeography of beetles and ants. A
volume dedicated to the memory of Philip Jackson Darlington, Jr.,
1904-1983. W. Junk, The Hague, Series
Entomologia 33.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1987. Four Staphylinus
(sensu lato) species new to North America, with notes on other
introduced
species (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae).
Coleopterists Bulletin 41: 381-384.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1988. Fooled by flatness:
subfamily shifts in subcortical Staphylinidae (Coleoptera). Coleopterists Bulletin 42: 255-262.
Newton, A. F., Jr. & M. K. Thayer. 1988.
A critique on Naomi's phylogeny and higher classification of
Staphylinidae and allies (Coleoptera).
Entomologia Generalis 14: 63-72.
Newton, A. F., Jr. & D. S. Chandler. 1989.
World catalog of the genera of Pselaphidae (Coleoptera). Fieldiana: Zoology (N. S.) 53: 1-93.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1989a. Paralispinus
mariae Hatch (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Osoriinae) transferred to
genus Stictocranius
(Euaesthetinae). Coleopterists Bulletin
43: 145-146.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1989b. Review of Dactylosternum
Wollaston species of Australia and New Zealand (Coleoptera:
Hydrophilidae). Australian
Entomological Magazine 16: 49-58.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1990a. Staphylinidae
(adults) and Staphylinidae (larvae).
Pages 1137-1174 in: D. L. Dindal
(editor), Soil Biology Guide. J. Wiley
and Sons, New York.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1990b. Larvae of
Staphyliniformia (Coleoptera): where do we stand? Coleopterists
Bulletin 44: 205-210.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1990c. Myrmelibia,
a new genus of myrmecophile from Australia, with a generic review of
Australian
Osoriinae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae).
Invertebrate Taxonomy 4: 81-94.
Newton, A. F., Jr. & S. L.
Stephenson. 1990. A
beetle/slime mold assemblage from northern
India (Coleoptera; Myxomycetes).
Oriental Insects 24: 197-218.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1991. Coleoptera: Sphaeritidae,
Synteliidae, Histeridae,
Agyrtidae, Leiodidae, Leptinidae, Micropeplidae, Dasyceridae,
Silphidae,
Pselaphidae, Scaphidiidae, Scydmaenidae, pp. 324-341, 353-355, 359-365. In:
F. W. Stehr (editor), Immature Insects, Volume 2.
Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company, Dubuque,
Iowa.
Burakowski, B. & A.
F. Newton, Jr. 1992.
The immature stages and bionomics of the
myrmecophile Thoracophorus corticinus Motschulsky, and
placement of the
genus (Coleoptera, Staphylinidae, Osoriinae).
Annali del Museo Civico di Storia Naturale "G. Doria" 89:
17-42.
Johnson, S. A., R. W.
Lundgren, A. F. Newton, Jr., M. K. Thayer, R. L. Wenzel &
M. R.
Wenzel. 1992. Mazur's
World Catalogue of Histeridae: emendations,
replacement names for homonyms and an index. Polskie
Pismo Entomologiczne 61 (2): 1-100
(1991).
Newton, A. F., Jr. & M. K. Thayer. 1992.
Current classification and family-group names in
Staphyliniformia
(Coleoptera). Fieldiana: Zoology (N.
S.) 67: 1-92.
Ashe, J. S. & A. F.
Newton, Jr. 1993. Larvae
of Trichophya and phylogeny of
the tachyporine group of subfamilies (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) with a
review,
new species and characterization of Trichophyinae.
Systematic Entomology 18: 267-286.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1993. Leptusa alpicola
Brancsik: dual lectotype designations
(Coleoptera: Staphylinidae).
Coleopterists Bulletin 47: 34.
Lawrence, J. F. & A.
F. Newton, Jr. 1995.
Families and subfamilies of Coleoptera (with
selected genera, notes, references and data on family-group names), pp.
779-1006. In:
J. Pakaluk & S. A. Slipinski (editors), Biology, phylogeny
and
classification of Coleoptera: Papers
celebrating the 80th birthday of Roy A. Crowson. Muzeum
i Instytut Zoologii PAN, Warsaw.
Newton, A. F., Jr. & M. K. Thayer. 1995.
Protopselaphinae new subfamily for Protopselaphus new
genus from
Malaysia, with a phylogenetic analysis and review of the Omaliine Group
of
Staphylinidae including Pselaphidae (Coleoptera), pp. 219-320. In:
J. Pakaluk & S. A. Slipinski (editors), Biology, phylogeny
and
classification of Coleoptera: Papers
celebrating the 80th birthday of Roy A. Crowson. Muzeum
i Instytut Zoologii PAN, Warsaw.
Klimaszewski, J., A. F.
Newton, Jr. & M. K. Thayer.
1996. A review of the New
Zealand rove beetles (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). New
Zealand Journal of Zoology 23: 143-160.
Navarrete-Heredia, J. L.
& A. F. Newton, Jr.
1996. Staphylinidae
(Coleoptera), pp. 369-380. In: J. E.
Llorente, A. N. García & E. González (eds.), Biodiversidad,
taxonomía y biogeografía
de artrópodos de México: hacia una síntesis de su conocimiento. Instituto de Biología, Universidad Autónoma
de México, México D.F., México. xvi +
660 pp.
Newton, A. F. 1996. Creophilus
luctuosus (Blanchard) from Bolivia transferred to the genus Xanthopygus,
with locality correction (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae).
Studies in the Neotropical Fauna and Environment 31: 79-81.
Newton, A. F. 1997a. Review of
Agyrtidae (Coleoptera), with a new genus and species from New Zealand. Annales Zoologici 47: 111-156.
Newton, A. F. 1997b. First record of
the genus Platydracus (=Staphylinus in part) from
Hawaii, and
notes on Hawaiian Creophilus (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae:
Staphylininae:
Staphylinini). Bishop Museum Occasional
Papers 49: 23-25.
Newton, A. F. & H. Franz. 1998.
World catalog of the genera of Scydmaenidae
(Coleoptera). Koleopterologische Rundschau
68: 137-165.
Ballard, J. W. O., M. K.
Thayer, A. F. Newton, Jr. & E. Grismer.
1998. Data sets,
partitions, and characters: philosophies and procedures for analyzing
multiple
data sets. Systematic Biology 47:
367-396. Available online at: http://taylorandfrancis.metapress.com/openurl.asp?genre=article&id=doi:10.1080/106351598260770
Newton, A. F. 1998. Phylogenetic
problems, current classification and generic catalog of world Leiodidae
(including Cholevidae), pp. 41-178. In:
Phylogeny and evolution of subterranean and endogean Cholevidae
(=Leiodidae
Cholevinae). Proceedings of XX I.C.E.
Firenze, 1996. Museo Regionale di
Scienze Naturali, Torino.
Kistner, D. H. & A.
F. Newton. 1999. A
new genus and species of termitophilous
Osoriinae from Thailand (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) with notes on its
behavior
and that of associated termites.
Sociobiology 34: 239-258.
Newton, A. F. 2000a. Family 14. Sphaeritidae
Shuckard, 1839, pp.
209-211. In: R.
H. Arnett, Jr. & M. C. Thomas (eds.), American Beetles,
Vol. 1. Archostemata, Myxophaga,
Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia.
CRC Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
xv + 443 pp.
Newton, A. F. 2000b. [15 new synonymies
in:] Smetana, A. & A. Davies, Reclassification of the north
temperate taxa
associated with Staphylinus sensu lato, including comments on
relevant
subtribes of Staphylinini (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae).
American Museum Novitates 3287: 1-88.
Newton, A. F., E. G. Matthews & J.
Muona. 2000. John
Lawrence - coleopterist par excellence. Invertebrate
Taxonomy 14: 721-731. Available online (to
journal subscribers)
at: http://www.publish.csiro.au/?act=view_file&file_id=IT00041.pdf
Newton, A. F., M. K. Thayer,
J. S. Ashe & D. S. Chandler. 2000.
Family 22. Staphylinidae Latreille,
1802, pp. 272-418. In:
R. H. Arnett, Jr. & M. C. Thomas (eds.),
American Beetles, Vol. 1. Archostemata,
Myxophaga, Adephaga, Polyphaga: Staphyliniformia. CRC
Press, Boca Raton, Florida.
xv + 443 pp. Corrections
available online at: http://www.coleopsoc.org/ABmain.shtml
Peck, S. B., P. Gnaspini
& A. F. Newton. 2000
(1998). Catalogue and generic keys for
the Leiodidae of Mexico, West Indies, and Central and South America
(Insecta:
Coleoptera). Giornale Italiano di
Entomologia 9: 37-72.
Newton, A. F. 2001. Corrections to
World Catalog of the Genera of Pselaphidae (Newton & Chandler,
1989). Deutsche Entomologische Zeitschrift
(Mitteilungen
aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin) 48: 53-55.
Navarrete-Heredia, J. L.
& A. F. Newton. 2002. Agyrtidae (Coleoptera), pp. 493-498. In: J. Llorente Bousquets & J. J.
Morrone (eds.), Biodiversidad, taxonomía y biogeografía de artrópodos
de
México: hacia una síntesis de su conocimiento.
Vol. III. Universidad Nacional
Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, México D. F., México. x + 690 pp.
Navarrete-Heredia, J. L., A.
F. Newton, M. K. Thayer, J. S. Ashe & D. S. Chandler. 2002.
Guía ilustrada para los géneros de Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) de
México. Illustrated guide to the genera of
Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) of Mexico. Universidad de Guadalajara &
CONABIO,
México. xii + 401 pp.
Sikes, D. S., R. B. Madge
& A. F. Newton. 2002. A catalog of the Nicrophorinae (Coleoptera:
Silphidae) of the world. Zootaxa 65:
1-304. Available online at: http://www.mapress.com/zootaxa/2002f/z00065f.pdf
Betz, O., M. K. Thayer &
A. F. Newton. 2003.
Comparative morphology and evolutionary
pathways of the mouthparts in spore-feeding Staphylinoidea (Coleoptera). Acta Zoologica 84 (3): 179-238.
Available online (to journal subscribers)
at: http://www.blackwell_synergy.com/links/doi/10.1046%2Fj.1463_6395.2003.00147.x/pdf,
with supplemental figures freely available online at: http://www.blackwellpublishing.com/products/journals/suppmat/AZO/AZO147/AZO147sm.htm
Leschen, R. A. B. & A.
F. Newton. 2003. Larval
description, adult feeding behavior,
and phylogenetic placement of Megalopinus (Coleoptera:
Staphylinidae). Coleopterists Bulletin
57: 469-493 (Outstanding Paper of the Year Award, Coleopterists
Society, 2004).
Solodovnikov, A. Y. & A.
F. Newton. 2005. Phylogenetic
placement of Arrowinini trib.
n. within the subfamily Staphylininae (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae), with
revision of the relict South African genus Arrowinus and
description of
its larva. Systematic Entomology 30:
398-441 [OnlineEarly publication date: 9-Dec-2004].
Available online (to journal subscribers) at: http://www.blackwell_synergy.com/toc/sen/30/3;jsessionid=kXaEeYkhNVx_
Boone, J. H., P. Z.
Goldstein, C. Grinter, J. E. Louderman, A. F. Newton, P. P.
Parrillo, M.
B. Prondzinski, M. K. Thayer, P. Sierwald, D. A. Summers & J. A.
Wagner
[alphabetical], paintings by P. Macnamara.
2005. Illinois Insects and
Spiders. University of Chicago Press & The Field Museum, Chicago
&
London. xv + 118 pp. incl. 28 color
plates.
Newton, A. F. 2005.
Sphaeritidae Shuckard, 1839; Synteliidae Lewis, 1882; Agyrtidae
Thomson,
1859; Leiodidae Fleming, 1821, pp. 183-190, 261-280. In: Beutel, R. G.
& R.
A. B. Leschen (eds.). Handbook of Zoology Vol. IV, Arthropoda: Insecta;
Coleoptera, Vol. I, Morphology and Systematics (Archostemata, Adephaga,
Myxophaga, Polyphaga partim). De Gruyter, Berlin, New York.
Published Reviews, Abstracts, Reports
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1982. Beetles of
Australia and New Zealand. American
Philosophical Society, Year Book 1981: 39-40. (Published Grantee Report)
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1983. Beetles of Chile
and Peru. American Philosophical
Society, Year Book 1983: 157-158. (Published Grantee Report)
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1988. Book Review: R.
S. Anderson & S. B. Peck, 1985, The
carrion beetles of Canada and Alaska, Biosystematics Research Institute
Publication 1778, 121 pp. Bulletin of
the Entomological Society of Canada 20 (1): 25.
Newton, A. F., Jr. & M. K. Thayer. 1988.
Pselaphidae and Staphylinidae (Coleoptera): the 'missing link'
discovered? Proceedings XVIII
International Congress of Entomology (Vancouver BC, July 1988): 50.
(Published
Abstract)
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1989. The first
Leptotyphlinae from Australia and its larva (Coleoptera: Staphylinidae). Abstract Volume, International Congress of
Coleopterology
(Barcelona, September 1989): 123. (Published Abstract)
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1989. Collection news
from the Field Museum. Insect
Collection News 2 (2): 17-18.
Newton, A. F., Jr. & M. K. Thayer. 1990a.
Book Review: A. Zanetti, 1987,
Coleoptera: Staphylinidae: Omaliinae; Fauna d'Italia, Vol. XXV;
Edizioni
Calderini, Bologna, xii + 472 pp.
Coleopterists Bulletin 44: 93-94.
Newton, A. F., Jr. & M. K. Thayer. 1990b.
Comment on the proposed placement of HYDROBIIDAE Troschel, 1857
(Mollusca, Gastropoda) on the Official List of Family-Group Names (Case
2699;
see BZN 47: 104-109). Bulletin of
Zoological Nomenclature 44: 286-287.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1992a. Técnicas para la
elaboración de preparaciones permanentes y temporales de Coleópteros
pequeños. [Translation and appendix by
J. L. Navarrete-Heredia]. Boletín
Mexicana de Entomología 10: 11-13.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1992b. Comment (3) on the
proposed conservation of the generic name Helophorus Fabricius,
1775
(Insecta, Coleoptera) as the correct original spelling (Case 2796; see
BZN 49:
30-31). Bulletin of Zoological
Nomenclature 49: 231.
Newton, A. F., Jr., M. K. Thayer & C. W.
Sabrosky. 1992. Case
2786.
Tachinidae Fleming, 1821 (Insecta: Coleoptera) and Tachinidae
Robineau-Desvoidy, 1830 (Insecta: Diptera): proposed removal of
homonymy, and
Tachyporidae MacLeay, 1825 (Insecta: Coleoptera): proposed precedence
over
Tachinusidae Fleming, 1821. Bulletin of
Zoological Nomenclature 49: 122-126.
Thayer, M. K. & A. F.
Newton, Jr. 1992.
Specimen databases as research tools. Insect
Collection News 8: 6-7.
Thayer, M. K., A. F.
Newton, Jr. & T. Pape.
1992. Case 2793.
Metopiinae Foerster, 1868 (Insecta:
Hymenoptera), Metopiini Raffray, 1904 (Insecta: Coleoptera), and
Metopiini
Townsend, 1908 (Insecta: Diptera): proposed removal of homonymy. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 49:
200-204.
Thayer, M. K. & A. F.
Newton, Jr. 1994.
New product review: Lawrence, J. F.
et al., 1993, Beetle
larvae of the world; CSIRO publications, Melbourne, Victoria; CD-ROM +
52 pp.
manual. Mola 3: 6-7 (1993).
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1995a. Case 2872. Xantholinini
Erichson, 1839 and Quediini
Kraatz, 1857 (Insecta, Coleoptera):
proposed precedence over senior synonyms, and Quedius
Stephens,
1829: proposed designation of Staphylinus
levicollis Brullé, 1832 as the type species. Bulletin
of Zoological Nomenclature 52: 48-53.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1995b. Comment (2) on the
proposal to remove the homonymy between Brachypterinae Erichson, [1845]
(Insecta, Coleoptera) and Brachypterinae Zwick, 1973 (Insecta,
Plecoptera), and
proposed precedence of Kateretidae Ganglbauer, 1899 over Brachypterinae
Erichson, [1845] (Case 2865; see BZN 51: 309-311. Bulletin
of Zoological Nomenclature 52: 181.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1995c. Norville M. Downie. Insect
Collection News 10: 24.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1995d. Comment on the
proposal to remove the homonymy between Brachypterinae Erichson, [1845]
(Insecta, Coleoptera) and Brachypterinae Zwick, 1973 (Insecta,
Plecoptera), and
proposed precedence of Kateretidae Ganglbauer, 1899 over Brachypterinae
Erichson, [1845] (Case 2865; see BZN 51: 309-311; 52: 179-181). Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 52:
335-336.
Newton, A. F., Jr. & M. K. Thayer. 1995.
Comment on the proposed conservation of Aspidiphorus
Ziegler in
Dejean, 1821 (Insecta, Coleoptera) as the correct original spelling,
and the
placement of Aspidiphoridae Kiesenwetter, 1877 (1859) on the Official
List
(Case 2918; see BZN 52: 44-47).
Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 52: 264-266.
Newton, A. F., Jr. 1996a. Online gazetteers;
Staphylinidae ("most wanted"); Vial stoppers. Mola
6: 4-6.
Newton, A. F. 1996b. Book Review: Smetana,
A., 1995, Rove beetles of the
subtribe Philonthina of America north of Mexico (Coleoptera:
Staphylinidae): Classification, phylogeny
and taxonomic
revision. Dugesiana 3 (1): 46-50.
Leschen, R. A. B. & A.
F. Newton. 2000. Leiodidae
beetles: a New Zealand perspective.
Abstracts XXI International Congress of Entomology (Foz do
Iguassu,
Brazil, August 2000): 934.
Navarrete-Heredia, J.-L., A.
F. Newton, M. K. Thayer, J. S. Ashe & D. S. Chandler. 2000.
An illustrated guide to the Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) of Mexico. Abstracts XXI International Congress of
Entomology (Foz do Iguassu, Brazil, August 2000): 963.
Newton, A. F. 2000. The turtle leiodid
- a Chilean enigma (Coleoptera: Leiodidae).
Abstracts XXI International Congress of Entomology (Foz do
Iguassu,
Brazil, August 2000): 935.
Newton, A. F. 2001. Staphylinus
maculosus and S. violaceus Gravenhorst, 1802 (currently Platydracus
maculosus and P. violaceus; Insecta, Coleoptera): proposed conservation of usage of the
specific names. Bulletin of Zoological
Nomenclature 58: 210-214. [resulted in Opinion 2039:
ICZN 2003. Bulletin of Zoological Nomenclature 60: 164-165.]
Newton, A. F. 2002. Book Review: Herman,
L. H., 2001, Catalog of the
Staphylinidae (Insecta: Coleoptera), 1758 to the end of the second
millennium,
Parts I-VII (Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History 265:
1-4218). Coleopterists Bulletin 56:
597-600.
Newton, A. F. 2004. Proteininae
(Insecta: Coleoptera: Staphylinidae) in Gondwana: first
look at ancient distribution patterns. IV
Southern Connections Conference,
Programme and Abstracts, pp. 146-147.
Thayer, M. K. & A. F.
Newton. 2004. Southern
beetle quest. In the Field, Summer 2004:
18-19.
Newton, A. F. 2005. Notice: Beetle
survey and systematics - request for specimens. Biodiversity
Research (Newsletter of the NSW Biodiversity Research
Network) 16: 13.
Website Resources (Identification Guides, Catalog Databases, Checklists)
Peck, S. B. & A. F.
Newton. 2001. The leiodid beetles of Costa Rica [online]. Costa Rica: INBio [last updated 2001]. Available from URL: http://www.inbio.ac.cr/papers/leiudidae/
Newton, A. F. & M. K. Thayer. 2003-.
Catalog of higher taxa of Staphyliniformia and genera and subgenera of
Staphylinoidea [online]. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History [last
updated
27 August 2005]. Available from URL: http://www.fieldmuseum.org/peet_staph/db_1a.html
Newton, A. F. & M. K. Thayer. 2003-.
Catalog of austral species of Staphylinidae and other Staphylinoidea
[online].
Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History [last updated 27 August 2005].
Available from URL: http://www.fieldmuseum.org/peet_staph/db_1b.html
Newton, A. F. & M. K. Thayer. 2003-.
Bibliography supporting catalogs of Staphyliniformia family-, genus-
and
species-group names [online]. Chicago: Field Museum of Natural History
[last
updated 27 August 2005]. Available from URL: http://www.fieldmuseum.org/peet_staph/db_1d.html
Thayer, M. K. & Newton,
A. F. 2003-. Summary of distributions of austral species of
Staphylinidae
and some related families of Staphylinoidea [downloadable pdf files].
Chicago:
Field Museum of Natural History, 313 pp (all included families). [last
generated 27 August 2005]. Available from URL: http://www.fieldmuseum.org/peet_staph/db_1c.html